VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)
Supports brain function and mental clarity
- Inflammation
- Lung Health
- Cardiovascular Function
- Cognitive Function
Significant hypotension possible, especially with IV administration — blood pressure monitoring required Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease or those on antihypertensive medications Very limited human safety data — most evidence from small investigational studies
Mechanism of Action
VIP is a 28-amino acid neuropeptide that binds primarily to VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors (G-protein coupled receptors) expressed on immune cells, neurons, blood vessels, and epithelial tissues. Receptor activation stimulates adenylyl cyclase, increasing intracellular cAMP, which triggers anti-inflammatory cascades including suppression of NF-κB signaling, reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12), and promotion of regulatory T cell differentiation. Key Pathways: VPAC1/VPAC2 receptor → cAMP/PKA signaling cascade, NF-κB suppression and inflammatory cytokine downregulation, Vasodilation via smooth muscle relaxation (cAMP-mediated), Neuroprotective signaling through BDNF and anti-apoptotic pathways The potent immunomodulatory effects explain VIP's proposed applications in autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, while vasodilatory actions may benefit cardiovascular and pulmonary function. Neuroprotective mechanisms and effects on circadian rhythm regulation underlie cognitive and sleep-related applications, though direct human evidence for most therapeutic uses remains limited.
Common Dose Reference Ranges
Educational reference ranges only — discuss actual dosing with a qualified healthcare provider.
Full VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) protocols — frequency, timing, cycle length, reconstitution & research
- Facial flushing
- Hypotension
- Tachycardia
- Gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, nausea)
- Headache
- Injection site reactions
- Bronchodilation effects
- Cardiac arrhythmias